Perkembangan Penelitian Nanoenkapsulasi Kurkumin sebagai Strategi Peningkatan Bioavailabilitas: Analisis Bibliometrik Database PubMed Tahun 2000–2025
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63004/snsmed.v5i1.1361Kata Kunci:
bibliometric analysis, bioavailability, curcumin, nanoencapsulation, PubMed, VOSviewerAbstrak
Kurkumin merupakan senyawa golongan kurkuminoid yang banyak ditemukan pada berbagai spesies genus Curcuma, terutama kunyit (Curcuma longa L.), dan diketahui memiliki aktivitas farmakologis sebagai antioksidan, antiinflamasi, antikanker, serta hepatoprotektif. Meskipun demikian, pemanfaatan kurkumin masih terkendala oleh kelarutan dalam air dan bioavailabilitas yang rendah sehingga membatasi efektivitas terapeutiknya. Nanoenkapsulasi telah dikembangkan sebagai strategi untuk meningkatkan stabilitas, kelarutan, bioavailabilitas, dan efikasi biologis kurkumin. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perkembangan penelitian nanoenkapsulasi kurkumin melalui pendekatan bibliometrik berdasarkan publikasi yang terindeks dalam database PubMed periode 2000–2025. Data bibliografi diperoleh menggunakan kata kunci ("curcumin") AND ("nanoencapsulation" OR "nanoparticle" OR "nanocarrier") dengan kriteria artikel berbahasa Inggris. Sebanyak 1.483 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dianalisis menggunakan perangkat lunak VOSviewer dan Bibliometrix. Analisis meliputi karakteristik publikasi, tren perkembangan penelitian, distribusi negara produktif, serta pemetaan kata kunci melalui network, overlay, dan density visualization. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa penelitian nanoenkapsulasi kurkumin mengalami pertumbuhan pesat dengan laju pertumbuhan tahunan sebesar 17,38%. Sebanyak 1.483 artikel dipublikasikan dalam 402 jurnal dan melibatkan 6.344 penulis. Visualisasi kata kunci menunjukkan dominasi tema curcumin, drug carriers, drug delivery systems, antineoplastic agents, dan chitosan. Analisis overlay mengindikasikan pergeseran fokus penelitian menuju aplikasi antimikroba, biofilm, hidrogel, dan nanokomposit. Secara keseluruhan, penelitian nanoenkapsulasi kurkumin terus berkembang dan memiliki prospek yang menjanjikan dalam pengembangan sistem penghantaran senyawa bioaktif untuk aplikasi farmasi, biomedis, dan pangan fungsional.
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