Tinjauan Komprehensif Jenis Dan Teknik Fabrikasi Microneedle Sebagai Sistem Penghantaran Obat Transdermal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63004/hrji.v4i5.1197Kata Kunci:
microneedle, jenis microneedle, fabrikasi microneedle, penghantaran obat transdermalAbstrak
Pendahuluan: Microneedle merupakan teknologi inovatif dalam sistem penghantaran obat transdermal yang berkembang pesat dalam dua dekade terakhir. Berbagai jenis dan metode fabrikasi telah dikembangkan, namun belum banyak kajian yang membandingkan keduanya secara terintegrasi. Tujuan: Artikel ini bertujuan mengulas tren penelitian, jenis, metode fabrikasi, serta aplikasi microneedle di bidang farmasi dan kosmetik dalam suatu kerangka analisis komparatif. Metode: Studi literatur sistematis dilakukan dengan penelusuran pada basis data PubMed, Scopus, dan Google Scholar menggunakan kata kunci “microneedle”, “microneedle types”, “microneedle fabrication”, dan “transdermal drug delivery”. Kriteria inklusi mencakup artikel penelitian dan tinjauan berbahasa Inggris yang dipublikasikan pada rentang 2000–2025 dan relevan dengan topik. Kriteria eksklusi meliputi artikel yang tidak tersedia secara penuh, duplikasi, dan studi yang tidak berfokus pada pengembangan microneedle. Berdasarkan proses seleksi diperoleh 65 artikel yang dianalisis secara komprehensif. Hasil: Dissolving microneedle merupakan jenis yang paling dominan dalam tren penelitian terkini, dengan perkembangan signifikan pada metode fabrikasi berbasis micromolding dan 3D printing. Kombinasi 3D printing untuk pembuatan master mold dan micromolding untuk replikasi massal teridentifikasi sebagai pendekatan paling prospektif. Teknologi microneedle menunjukkan potensi besar dalam aplikasi vaksin, terapi obat, dan kosmetik, meskipun masih menghadapi tantangan pada aspek regulasi dan skalabilitas produksi. Simpulan: Microneedle, khususnya jenis dissolving, memiliki prospek menjanjikan sebagai platform penghantaran obat yang efektif, aman, dan inovatif di masa depan.
Unduhan
Referensi
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