Faktor Psikososial dan Pengetahuan yang Mempengaruhi Kepatuhan Pengobatan pada Pasien hipertensi di RSUD Kuala Kurun
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63004/hrji.v4i6.1616Keywords:
hipertensi, kepatuhan terapi antihipertensi, literasi kesehatan, dukungan sosial keluarga, keyakinan diriAbstract
Kepatuhan pengobatan merupakan faktor penting dalam keberhasilan pengendalian hipertensi. Faktor psikososial dan pengetahuan diduga memengaruhi kepatuhan pasien dalam menjalani terapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh tingkat pengetahuan, dukungan keluarga, dan self-efficacy terhadap kepatuhan pengobatan pada pasien hipertensi di RSUD Kuala Kurun. Penelitian menggunakan desain kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional pada 287 pasien hipertensi. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan, dukungan keluarga, Medication Adherence Self-Efficacy Scale-Revised (MASES-R), dan Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 (MMAS-8). Analisis data meliputi analisis univariat dan uji Pearson Chi-Square dengan tingkat signifikansi p<0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden berusia 36–45 tahun (36,2%), berjenis kelamin laki-laki (63,4%), berpendidikan SMA (34,1%), dan bekerja sebagai petani (37,3%). Mayoritas responden memiliki pengetahuan baik (54,0%), dukungan keluarga kurang (44,3%), self-efficacy rendah (66,6%), serta kepatuhan minum obat tinggi (64,1%). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan (p=0,000), dukungan keluarga (p=0,007), dan self-efficacy (p=0,012) berhubungan secara signifikan dengan kepatuhan minum obat. Kesimpulan: Faktor pengetahuan serta faktor psikososial berupa dukungan keluarga dan self-efficacy berhubungan signifikan dengan kepatuhan pengobatan pada pasien hipertensi di RSUD Kuala Kurun. Upaya peningkatan kepatuhan perlu mengintegrasikan edukasi pasien, penguatan dukungan keluarga, dan peningkatan self-efficacy dalam pengelolaan hipertensi.
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