Penatalaksanaan Asuhan Gizi Terstandar pada Pasien TB Paru dengan Komplikasi Metabolik

Authors

  • Syifa Safira Departemen Gizi, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Airlangga

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.63004/hrji.v4i5.1193

Keywords:

asuhan gizi, CKD, diabetes melitus, hiperkalemia, tuberkulosis paru

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Penyakit ginjal kronis (CKD) sering disertai berbagai komorbiditas yang memperumit penatalaksanaan gizi, termasuk tuberkulosis paru, anemia gizi, hiponatremia, hiperkalemia, hipertensi, dan diabetes melitus tipe 2. Kondisi multimorbiditas ini menuntut pendekatan asuhan gizi yang komprehensif dan terindividualisasi. Tujuan: Mengetahui proses asuhan gizi pada pasien Ny. YZ  usia 58 tahun dengan diagnosis TBC paru, anemia unspecified, hipo-osmolalitas dan hiponatremia, CKD, hiperkalemia, hipertensi esensial, dan DM non-insulin dependent yang dirawat di Rumah Sakit X Surabaya. Metode: Pengkajian gizi dilakukan menggunakan Nutrition Care Process (NCP) meliputi asesmen, diagnosis, intervensi, serta monitoring dan evaluasi gizi. Data dikumpulkan melalui food recall 24 jam, FFQ, pemeriksaan antropometri, biokimia, fisik/klinis, dan riwayat medis. Hasil: Pasien diberikan diet DM Nefropati Rendah Kalium dalam bentuk makanan tim dengan kebutuhan energi 1.732,5 kkal, protein 39,6 gram, lemak 57,75 gram, karbohidrat 264,2 gram, dan cairan maksimal 1.500 ml per hari. Monitoring selama tiga hari menunjukkan tren penurunan asupan energi, protein, lemak, dan karbohidrat yang belum mencapai target akibat penurunan nafsu makan. Parameter laboratorium ginjal dan elektrolit masih dalam kondisi abnormal meskipun terdapat perbaikan pada beberapa parameter hematologi. Simpulan: Intervensi diet DM Nefropati Rendah Kalium dapat diterapkan pada pasien dengan multimorbiditas kompleks, namun diperlukan pemantauan ketat dan edukasi berkelanjutan untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan diet dan asupan gizi pasien.

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Published

2026-06-28

How to Cite

Safira, S. (2026). Penatalaksanaan Asuhan Gizi Terstandar pada Pasien TB Paru dengan Komplikasi Metabolik. Health Research Journal of Indonesia, 4(5), 1195–1202. https://doi.org/10.63004/hrji.v4i5.1193