Uji Aktivitas Penghambatan Enzim α-Glukosidase pada Ekstrak dan Fraksi Akar Wanga (Pigafetta elata) Secara In-vitro
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63004/jfs.v4i1.908Kata Kunci:
α-glukosidase, akar wanga, diabetes, Pigafetta elataAbstrak
Suatu penyakit yang ditandai meningkatnya kadar gula dalam darah melebihi kadar normal akibat gangguan metabolisme karbohidrat menjadi glukosa disebut diabetes melitus. Pada sistem pencernaan enzim α-glukosidase mengubah karbohidrat menjadi glukosa, penghambatan enzim α-glukosidase untuk mengendalikan kadar gula darah. Penghambatan enzim α-glukosidase akan memberikan dampak penundaan penyerapan glukosa. Wanga merupakan tumbuhan endemik Sulawesi dan banyak tersebar di Kabupaten Toraja. Potensi tumbuhan wanga belum maksimal pemanfaatannya, kajian ilmiah mengenai tumbuhan ini khususnya untuk obat masih sangat sedikit. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui aktivitas penghambatan enzim α-glukosidase dari ekstrak dan fraksi akar tumbuhan wanga yang dilakukan secara in-vitro. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penghambatan enzim α-glukosidase dengan nilai IC50 pada ekstrak etanol sebesar 56.451 µg/mL, fraksi n-heksan sebesar 155.86 µg/mL, fraksi etil asetat sebesar 42.676 µg/mL, dan fraksi air sebesar 288.83 µg/mL. Sedangkan untuk kontrol positif menggunakan akarbose diperoleh nilai IC50 sebesar 9.536 µg/mL. Dari data tersebut menunjukkan bahwa fraksi etil asetat dan ekstrak etanol akar tumbuhan wanga memiliki aktivitas penghambatan yang lebih tinggi dengan kategori aktif dibandingkan fraksi lainnya. Namun kategori fraksi etil asetat dan ekstrak etanol masih lebih rendah bila dibandingkan dengan kontrol positif akarbose yang bersifat sangat aktif dalam menghambat enzim α-Glukosidase.
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