Studi Meta-Analisis: Efektivitas Terapi Akupunktur Pada Kasus Low Back Pain Terhadap Penurunan Skala Nyeri
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63004/hrji.v4i6.1552Kata Kunci:
Akupunktur, Low Back Pain, Skala Nyeri, Meta-analisisAbstrak
Low Back Pain (LBP) merupakan nyeri muskuloskeletal multifaktorial yang mengganggu mobilitas dan produktivitas berbagai kelompok usia, di mana akupunktur hadir sebagai modalitas non-farmakologis untuk memodulasi transmisi sinyal nosiseptif secara neurofisiologis. Tinjauan sistematis berbasis kerangka kerja PICO (Populasi, Intervensi, Comparison, Outcome) ini mengidentifikasi artikel dari PubMed, Google Scholar, dan ScienceDirect, dengan sembilan artikel yang memenuhi kriteria dianalisis menggunakan aplikasi Review Manager. Hasil analisis dari sembilan studi lintas negara dengan ukuran sampel berkisar antara 30 hingga 220 subjek menunjukkan bahwa terapi akupunktur secara signifikan lebih efektif menurunkan skala nyeri LBP dibandingkan kelompok non-akupunktur (SMD = -0,39; 95% CI: -0,78 hingga -0,00; P = 0,05), meskipun tingkat heterogenitas antar-studi tercatat sangat tinggi (I² = 83%; P < 0,00001). Oleh karena itu, terapi akupunktur terbukti efektif menurunkan intensitas nyeri pada pasien LBP sehingga direkomendasikan sebagai modalitas klinis yang valid dan aplikatif, walaupun memiliki variabilitas protokol yang cukup tinggi di lapangan.
Unduhan
Referensi
Alrawaili, S. M., Elshiwi, A. M., Sulieman, A., Azab, A. R., Ezzat, W., Abdelbasset, W. K., & Koura, G. M. (2024). Short-term effect of acupuncture dry needle in treatment of chronic mechanical low back pain: a randomized controlled clinical trial. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 28(14), 3973–3981. https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202407_36571
Asano, H., Plonka, D., & Weeger, J. (2022). Effectiveness of Acupuncture for Nonspecific Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Medical Acupuncture, 34(2), 96–106. https://doi.org/10.1089/acu.2021.0057
Beru, D. K., & Takalar, K. (2025). Edukasi Pencegahan Low Back Pain Pada Nelayan. Jurnal Keperawatan, 2(1), 194–197.
Cheng, Y., Yu, Y., Wang, Y., Fan, A., Yang, H., Wang, H., & Tang, L. (2023). Effects of lumbar-pelvic training combined with electroacupuncture on chronic nonspecific low back pain. Medicine (United States), 102(29), E34407. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000034407
Ferreira, M. L., De Luca, K., Haile, L. M., Steinmetz, J. D., Culbreth, G. T., Cross, M., Kopec, J. A., Ferreira, P. H., Blyth, F. M., Buchbinder, R., Hartvigsen, J., Wu, A. M., Safiri, S., Woolf, A. D., Collins, G. S., Ong, K. L., Vollset, S. E., Smith, A. E., Cruz, J. A., … March, L. M. (2023). Global, regional, and national burden of low back pain, 1990–2020, its attributable risk factors, and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. The Lancet Rheumatology, 5(6), e316–e329. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2665-9913(23)00098-X
Gyeltshen, D., Dorji, T., Tenzin, K., Choeda, T., Gurung, M. S., Pongpirul, K., & Jing, L. (2025). Efficacy and Safety of Warm Acupuncture Compared to Gabapentin for Pain Management in Patients with Sciatica in Bhutan: A Randomized Controlled (ACUWARM) Trial. Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, 30. https://doi.org/10.1177/2515690X251355513
IASP. (2024). Management of musculoskeletal pain: Clinical guidelines. International Association for the Study of Pain.
Jamali Dastjerdi, M., Azadvari, M., Kordafshari, G., Zhao, B.-X., Adel-Mehraban, M. S., Alipour, R., Karimi, M., Kazemi, A. H., Sourani, A., & Vafaie Sefti, A. (2024). Comparative efficacy of acupuncture, venesection, and physical therapy on chronic low back pain outcomes: a randomized clinical trial. Annals of Medicine & Surgery, 86(5), 2729–2738. https://doi.org/10.1097/ms9.0000000000001944
Kemenkes. (2025). Hati-hati: Perawat rentan terkena Low Back Pain (LBP). Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Direktorat Jenderal Pelayanan Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. keslan.kemkes.go.id
Lee, J., Shin, J.-S., Lee, Y. J., Kim, M., Choi, A., Lee, J.-H., Shin, K.-M., Shin, B.-C., Cho, J.-H., & Ha, I.-H. (2017). Long-Term Course of Failed Back Surgery Syndrome (FBSS) Patients Receiving Integrative Korean Medicine Treatment: A 1 Year Prospective Observational Multicenter Study. PLOS ONE, 12(1), e0170972. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0170972
Meng, X. Y., Bu, L., Chen, J. Y., Liu, Q. J., Sun, L., Li, X. L., & Wu, F. X. (2022). Comparative effectiveness of electroacupuncture VS neuromuscular electrical stimulation in the treatment of chronic low back pain in active-duty personals: A single-center, randomized control study. Frontiers in Neurology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2022.945210
Namiranian, P., Karimi, M., Razavi, S. Z. E., Garoos, A. F., & Ayati, M. H. (2022). Comparison of an Iranian Traditional Massage (Fateh Method) with Physiotherapy and Acupuncture for Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain: a Randomized Controlled Trial. JAMS Journal of Acupuncture and Meridian Studies, 15(3), 163–173. https://doi.org/10.51507/j.jams.2022.15.3.163
Raja, S. N., Carr, D. B., Cohen, M., Finnerup, N. B., Flor, H., Gibson, S., Keefe, F. J., Mogil, J. S., Ringkamp, M., Sluka, K. A., Song, X.-J., Stevens, B., Sullivan, M. D., Tutelman, P. R., Ushida, T., & Vader, K. (2020). The revised International Association for the Study of Pain definition of pain: concepts, challenges, and compromises. Pain, 161(9), 1976–1982. https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001939
Shi, F., Wen, H., Liu, Y., Li, Z., Jin, J., Liu, N., Wang, G., Chen, C., Feng, Y., Lin, H., & Zhang, S. (2024). Comparative clinical efficacy of acupuncture combined with manipulation and other non-pharmacological interventions in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation: a prospective, multi-arm, randomized, open-label, blinded endpoint trial. Frontiers in Medicine, 11(January), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2024.1507115
Sudhakaran, P. (2021). Acupuncture for Low-Back Pain. Medical Acupuncture, 33(3), 219–225. https://doi.org/10.1089/acu.2020.1499
Tu, J. F., Shi, G. X., Yan, S. Y., Ni, G. X., Yu, F. T., Cai, G. W., Liu, Z. S., Ma, C. Y., Wang, L. Q., Yang, J. W., Zhou, X. Q., Meng, X. L., Fu, H. Y., Li, J., Wan, W. J., Sun, T. H., Wang, X. Z., & Liu, C. Z. (2024). Acupuncture vs Sham Acupuncture for Chronic Sciatica from Herniated Disk: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Internal Medicine, 184(12), 1417–1424. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.5463
Voulgarakis, P., Iakovidis, P., Lytras, D., Chatziprodromidou, I. P., Kottaras, A., & Apostolou, T. (2021). Effects of Joint Mobilization Versus Acupuncture on Pain and Functional Ability in People with Chronic Neck Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Comparative Effectiveness. JAMS Journal of Acupuncture and Meridian Studies, 14(6), 231–237. https://doi.org/10.51507/j.jams.2021.14.6.231
WHO. (2023). Low back pain. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/low-back-pain
Unduhan
Diterbitkan
Cara Mengutip
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
Karya belum pernah diterbitkan sebelumnya (kecuali dalam bentuk abstrak atau bagian dari kuliah atau tesis yang diterbitkan) dan tidak sedang dipertimbangkan untuk diterbitkan di tempat lain. Ketika naskah diterima untuk diterbitkan dalam jurnal ini, penulis setuju untuk mentransfer hak cipta secara otomatis ke penerbit.
Health Research Journal of Indonesia dilisensikan di bawah Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
