Dari Niat hingga Pemanfaatan: Model-Model Teoretis yang Menjelaskan Perilaku Konsumen dalam Penggunaan Layanan Kesehatan

Penulis

  • Muhammad Zaini Politeknik Unggulan Kalimantan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.63004/hrji.v4i5.1270

Kata Kunci:

Health Belief Model, Technology Acceptance Model, heory of Planned Behavior, Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology

Abstrak

Keputusan masyarakat dalam mengakses fasilitas kesehatan seperti rumah sakit, puskesmas, apotek, dan klinik tidak bersifat spontan, melainkan melewati serangkaian proses pertimbangan kognitif yang melibatkan persepsi risiko, kepercayaan, norma sosial, dan ketersediaan sumber daya. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan memetakan model-model teoretis yang paling banyak digunakan dalam penelitian tentang niat dan perilaku konsumen dalam penggunaan layanan kesehatan. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi literatur sistematis terhadap artikel-artikel penelitian dari database Scopus, PubMed, dan Google Scholar yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2010 hingga 2024, dengan kriteria inklusi artikel berindeks, berbahasa Inggris atau Indonesia, yang membahas model atau teori terkait niat dan perilaku penggunaan layanan kesehatan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan terdapat lima model yang dominan digunakan, yaitu: (1) Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), (2) Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), (3) Health Belief Model (HBM), (4) Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), dan (5) Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT/UTAUT2). Setiap model memiliki konstruk utama, kekuatan, dan keterbatasan yang berbeda dalam menjelaskan perilaku penggunaan layanan kesehatan. Pemilihan model perlu disesuaikan dengan konteks penelitian, populasi, dan jenis layanan kesehatan yang dikaji. Perkembangan terbaru menunjukkan kecenderungan penggunaan model terintegrasi dengan penambahan faktor kontekstual seperti kepercayaan dan kualitas layanan untuk meningkatkan daya prediksi perilaku penggunaan layanan kesehatan digital.

Unduhan

Data unduhan belum tersedia.

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Unduhan

Diterbitkan

29-06-2026

Cara Mengutip

Zaini, M. (2026). Dari Niat hingga Pemanfaatan: Model-Model Teoretis yang Menjelaskan Perilaku Konsumen dalam Penggunaan Layanan Kesehatan. Health Research Journal of Indonesia, 4(5), 1346–1354. https://doi.org/10.63004/hrji.v4i5.1270

Terbitan

Vol 4 No 5 (2026): Health Research Journal of Indonesia

Bagian

Artikel

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